Mesothelioma is a tragic and deadly form of cancer, caused by exposure to asbestos, that often shows signs between ten and forty years after contraction, although a few cases have popped up as long as sixty years after the asbestos exposure. There are three main types of Mesothelioma, each named after which part of the body it attacks. Pleural Mesothelioma attacks the protective lining of the lungs, which is called the pleura. Pericardial Mesothelioma attacks the protective lining around the heart, while Peritoneal Mesothelioma is centrally focused on the abdominal cavity.All forms of Mesothelioma are treated like cancer. Aggressive treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy are often used, as well as surgical options when appropriate. Peritoneal is not the most common form of Mesothelioma, but it can certainly be equally as deadly as any other form of Mesothelioma. Mesothelioma develops in the lining of the intended target and manifests over decades before finally releasing itself on the victim. Most cases of Mesothelioma only carry a maximum of a twenty four month life span. Mesothelioma progresses quickly, and often debilitates within months or even weeks of showing initial symptoms such as weight loss and loss of appetite, bowel distress, abdominal cramping or pain, or abdominal swelling or obstruction. Mesothelioma treatments are not easy to deal with and take quite a bit out of the body. Peritoneal Mesothelioma treatments have the best shot at directing an affected body toward health when Peritoneal Mesothelioma is diagnosed prior to the onset of symptoms. Mesothelioma doctors and Mesothelioma lawyers agree that those who know or suspect that they have been exposed to asbestos in the past should get regular Mesothelioma testing done to attempt to diagnose this deadly disease early. The earlier the diagnosis, the greater the chances of surviving Peritoneal Mesothelioma. Peritoneal Mesothelioma can often be treated with chemotherapy. Chemotherapy involves either intravenously introducing cancer killing chemicals into the body or allowing the patient to ingest the chemical concoctions in pill form. Either way, the goal is to kill the cancer cells with a dictated set of chemicals that are known to kill the Mesothelioma cancer cells. Chemotherapy comes with its share of risks and physical complications. The body does not appreciate the chemicals that are introduced to the Mesothelioma cells. A feeling of illness often accompanies chemotherapy. Weight loss, the loss of hair, the loss of appetite, the loss of taste, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting are just a few of the symptoms a Mesothelioma patient can expect to go through when undergoing chemotherapy. Chemo therapy can weaken the immune system as well as exhaust the body to the point that continuing with chemotherapy is actually just too much for the patient to handle.When treating Peritoneal Mesothelioma with chemotherapy, radiation is often added to the treatment plan. Treating Peritoneal Mesothelioma with radiation involves introduction radiation directly into the heart of the tumor or tumors. When radiation and chemotherapy are used together to attempt to kill the Mesothelioma cancer cells, the patient tends to feel drastically ill, and treatment rounds are often scheduled with a reasonable break in between to allow the patient to recover.Mesothelioma treatments are difficult to go through, difficult on families, expensive, and in the case of Mesothelioma, are often unsuccessful at prolonging healthy life. Mesothelioma doctors are frustrated that they do not have greater resources or advanced research at their disposal. Despite cutting edge technology, Mesothelioma is not very high on the list of cancer researchers agendas as it is still considered a rare disease. Some Peritoneal Mesothelioma patients undergo a surgical procedure where the protective lining which encases the spleen, stomach, liver, pancreas, and intestines is removed. In some Mesothelioma patients, this has proven to lead to the removal of most of the cancer, which is the only time that this procedure is really recommended.Palliative therapies are often added to the regimen of treatments for Peritoneal Mesothelioma patients. Palliative therapies help to relieve the immense pressure which can build up inside the abdomen when dealing with Peritoneal Mesothelioma. The fluid accumulation that builds up inside the abdomen can be relieved via suction, often placing a needle or various forms of suction into the abdomen and drawing out the build up of fluids.The earlier that treatment for Peritoneal Mesothelioma begins, the greater the chance the patient has at survival. Mesothelioma is highly deadly, and without early detection, the painful treatment options typically are used to extend life for as long as there is still a quality of life to extend.

Mesothelioma Cancer Basics

Mesothelioma is rare form of cancer, affecting about 2,000 Americans a year, found in the sac-like lining around many of the body's internal organs. The most common form is pleural mesothelioma, which is cancer of the lining surrounding the lungs. This type accounts for about 60% of all cases. Other types include mesothelioma of the peritoneum (lining around the abdomen), occurring at about a 40% rate, and the pericardium (lining around the heart), which accounts for only a fraction of all cases. The only known cause of mesothelioma is exposure to asbestos mineral fibers. Mesothelioma, as well as other asbestos-related diseases, lays dormant in the body from 20-50 years or more after original asbestos exposure.
Mesothelioma is found in the body in two forms: benign and malignant. Benign mesothelioma is non-cancerous and can usually be removed and cured through surgery. Malignant mesothelioma is cancerous, and a very aggressive disease. The life expectancy for patients diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma ranges from 4-24 months since this cancer is difficult to treat and spreads rapidly.

Symptoms

Because the symptoms associated with mesothelioma are common to many diseases and illnesses, it is often difficult to diagnose mesothelioma in its early stages. The earliest symptoms are usually chest or abdominal pain and difficulty breathing. Other symptoms include:

Pleural Mesothelioma

Coughing and coughing up blood
Fever
Difficulty sleeping
Swelling of face and arms
Loss of appetite
Muscle weakness

What are the different types of mesothelioma?

Malignant Mesothelioma

Malignant mesothelioma is an uncommon form of cancer and of all asbestos related diseases, the most serious. The symptoms associated with the disease make it difficult for doctors to diagnose. Often, by the time that a proper diagnosis is made, the disease has progressed to a point where patients do not respond well to treatment therapy. Malignant mesothelioma is caused almost exclusively by the inhalation of airborne asbestos particles. Another unique factor associated with the disease is that there can be a long latency period between the time an individual is exposed to asbestos and the actual manifestation of the disease in the form of malignant mesothelioma.

Pleural Mesothelioma – affects the chest and lungs

Malignant pleural mesothelioma often originates within the chest cavity and can, at times, involve the lung. This particular form of mesothelioma can metastasize to numerous organs in the body – even the brain - and tends to do so more frequently than not.
Pleural mesothelioma is not always easily detectable. Frequently, in the early stages of the disease, symptoms may be mild. Patients usually report pain in one area of the chest that never seems to go away, weight loss and fever. Occasionally, other symptoms are more severe and include problems with breathing due to fluid build up in the chest. A CT Scan of the chest area has proven to be the best test for identifying how far along the disease has progressed.
Frequently serum markers are used to diagnose of various forms of cancer. Mesothelioma cannot be diagnosed using this method as no serum markers currently exist. If high levels of hyaluronic acid are present it may be possible to distinguish mesothelioma from other types of cancer or to determine the effectiveness of a treatment protocol.
The survival rate for patients diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma typically is not high. Patients typically do not live beyond seventeen months from the onset of symptoms. Only 8% of those diagnosed with mesothelioma will live three to five years from the onset of symptoms.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma – affects the abdomen

Peritoneal mesothelioma originates in the abdomen and will frequently spread to other organs in area including the liver, spleen or bowel. Severe abdominal pain is the most common complaint that patients present to their doctor. There may also be a discomfort level with fluid build up in the abdomen as well. Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include difficult bowel movements, nausea and vomiting, fever and swollen feet.
The survival rate is even worse for those diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma will patients typically surviving only ten months from time that they first started experiencing the symptoms noted above.

Pericardial Mesothelioma – affects the heart

Pericardial mesothelioma is the least common form of mesothelioma. Pericardial mesothelioma, as the name suggests, involves the heart. This rare type of mesothelioma invades the pericardium, the sac that surrounds the heart. As the cancer progresses, the heart is not able to deliver oxygen as efficiently to the body causing further decline in health at an increasingly rapid rate. The symptoms most commonly associated with pericardial mesothelioma mimic those of a heart attack: nausea, pain in the chest and shortness of breath.

Benign Mesothelioma – affects the peritoneum

Cystic mesothelioma primarily affects women of younger age and affects the peritoneum. This type of mesothelioma is not frequently diagnosed and is also not a malignant form of the disease. It is, however, extremely difficult to identify and requires specialized microscopes and immunologic techniques to aid in diagnosis.

Mesothelioma in Uncommon Sites

A form of cardiac cancer that is rarely seen involves the pericardium. Tumors associated with this type of mesothelioma are not easily detectable and patients presented with this diagnosis tend to have a very low survival rate. There have also been reports of mesothelioma involving ovaries in women and the scrotum in men. Treatment for all of these rare forms of mesothelioma will vary depending on what stage a patient has progressed to but in most all cases the projected outcome is not favorable

PERITONEAL MESOTHELIOMA

Peritoneal mesothelioma, a cancer of the lining of the abdominal cavity, is less common than the pleural form, comprising approximately one-fifth to one-third of the total number of mesothelioma cases diagnosed. According to the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) database, these diagnoses are approximately 54.7 per cent male versus 45.3 per cent female, with the median age being 65-69. The latency period appears to be shorter for asbestos-exposed individuals with symptoms appearing 20-30 years after exposure rather than the 30-40 year latency more commonly associated with pleural mesothelioma.

Symptoms

Clinical symptoms at the time of presentation may include abdominal pain, abdominal mass, increased abdominal girth, distention of the abdomen, ascites (fluid in the abdomen), fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia and digestive disturbances. Some patients complain of more non-specific symptoms for a number of months prior to a confirmed diagnosis. In a percentage of cases, peritoneal mesothelioma is found incidentally when the patient has sought help for another health problem such as gallbladder, hernia or pelvic mass.